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25 March 2023, Volume 50 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Management & Innovation

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Study on Safety Management Strategy of Afloating or Resting on Blocks in Dock for Large Offshore Construction Projects ZHANG Shibiao, ZHANG Chaoliang, WANG Yuncheng, XU Yejun 2023, 50 (3):  1-4.  Abstract ( 442 )   Save In large-scale offshore construction projects,the afloating or resting on blocks in the hull dock is an important construction link. Due to the joint construction of a variety of high-risk operations,the small area of the dock,the complex underwater environment,and many uncontrollable factors of newly built hulls,the safety of the afloating or resting on blocks in the dock has been paid special attention by the project side for a long time in the field of offshore construction. Taking a large offshore construction project in China as an example,this paper discusses the necessity of safety and emergency research on the afloating or resting on blocks,studies the safety management strategy in the process of the afloating or resting on blocks in the hull dock,and expounds the key contents of the organization preparation,the production materials preparation and the status confirmation before the afloating or resting on blocks,the implementation and finishing of the ship’s afloating or resting on blocks. At the same time,the relevant contents of emergency management in the process of operation are explored,so as to further improve the routine safety and emergency links in the process of safety management of afloating or resting on blocks in the hull dock,and form a complete closed loop of safety management,so as to prevent damage to the hull,affect the dock period or cause accidents due to inadequate safety work. This paper provides some reference ideas for the safety of afloating or resting on blocks in our large-scale offshore construction projects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Analysis of Natural Gas Liquefaction Technology and Equipment CHEN Jingfeng, LI Hui, OUYANG Lihu, YANG Xiaobo, SUN Yanguo 2023, 50 (3):  5-7.  Abstract ( 407 )   Save Under the background of the rapid development of the world economy,all countries in the world are facing the energy crisis and environment pollution problems,the application of natural gas leads a new development direction for people. Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the most important application form of natural gas,which has an advantage of transportation and storage. Therefore,it is of great significance to make a comparative analysis of natural gas liquefaction technology. This paper is based on this discussion. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application Exploration of Safety Production Standardization in Mobile Production Test Platform JIANG Chunqi, CHEN Zhuoming, GAO Lianye, MU Shengjun, XU Haidong 2023, 50 (3):  8-10.  Abstract ( 397 )   Save HYSY 162 platform is the first mobile test production platform in China and the most complete mobile test production equipment in the world. Due to the characteristics of HYSY 162 platform,such as large variation of test production area,large variation of equipment parameters,little management and operation data,and no precedents of safety production management to follow,it is necessary to combine many years of experience in large-scale equipment management with the actual situation on site to implement the safety production standardization management strategy on the platform,and adapt to the different conditions of oil and gas fields in different regions through continuous innovation and improvement on the site,so as to provide effective methods for the safe production and operation improvement of the platform. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Development of Marine LNG Re-liquefaction Technology WANG Ying, ZHANG Haitao, ZHOU Yi, LI Meng, DAI Kan 2023, 50 (3):  11-15.  Abstract ( 447 )   Save The marine re-liquefaction system is to use different refrigeration methods to generate cold energy and re-liquefy BOG to maintain normal cabin pressure. Compared with onshore BOG re-liquefaction equipment,marine BOG re-liquefaction equipment has higher requirements for equipment compactness,safety and maintainability. At present,its core technology is mainly mastered by foreign equipment manufacturers. The selection of marine BOG re-liquefaction process,the technical characteristics,development history,component technology and relevant patents of the mainstream devices are reviewed and summarized,and the necessity of localization is proposed. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Basic Research

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Analysis of Leakage and Diffusion during Operation of LNG Floating Transfer Barge Based on FLACS LI Tong, WU Hao, XIA Huabo 2023, 50 (3):  16-22.  Abstract ( 420 )   Save Taking the design scheme of LNG floating transfer barge as an example,the quantitative risk assessment is carried out for the high-risk scenario of LNG/NG leakage during the LNG transfer operation with 174,000 m3 and 30,000 m3 LNG carriers. The results of flammable vapor cloud diffusion after LNG leakage in different wind directions are superimposed according to the same concentration level,and the safe area for LNG transmission operation is determined accordingly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Fault Diagnosis System of Flash Steam Compressor Unit DENG Xin, ZHUANG Jize, YANG Bo, NIU Zhigang, GAO Qiang, LI Dahua 2023, 50 (3):  23-30.  Abstract ( 428 )   Save Flash steam compressor unit,as an important part in the exploitation of offshore oil and gas resources,has attracted extensive attention because of its high failure rate. Real-time fault diagnosis is of great significance. Therefore, this paper summarizes the common fault types and existing diagnosis technologies in the unit,and designs a real-time fault diagnosis system of flash steam compressor unit based on LabVIEW,which can effectively realize the global fault analysis and identification of scrubber,compressor,cooler and control valve in the unit. The system establishes a logic tree model based on multi data analysis for fault diagnosis and identification of the unit,and the model includes a variety of data processing and analysis methods to process and analyze the temperature,pressure and liquid level data in the unit,so as to realize the fault diagnosis of each device in the unit. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on On-line Data Monitoring of Self-elevating Wellhead Platform under Typhoon Condition LI Hai 2023, 50 (3):  31-34.  Abstract ( 397 )   Save As an important solution for offshore marginal oil fields,self-elevating wellhead platforms （wesu） have been deployed in the Beibu Gulf. The installation and standing modes of self-elevating wellhead platforms are different from the traditional jacket platform. Although the weather conditions in the Beibu Gulf are fully considered in the design parameters,it is still necessary to monitor the key position parameters of the platform under typhoon condition. This paper expounds the needs for data monitoring and return of a self-elevating wellhead platform in the Beibu Gulf sea area under normal production and typhoon conditions,and puts forward the monitoring and return technologies for platform pile legs,jacket support,platform swing and meteorological data,which can provide reference for typhoon prevention measures of similar to self-elevating platforms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Failure Mode and Effect Analysis of Marine LNG Reliquefaction System LIU Chentong, ZHANG Haitao, ZHANG Rong, ZHOU Yi, LI Meng 2023, 50 (3):  35-37.  Abstract ( 428 )   Save LNG reliquefaction system is used to liquefy boil-off gas generated during LNG transportation. The Failure Mode and Effect Analysis （FMEA） of the system is carried out. It is very important to take measures to reduce the risk before failure to ensure the safety of cargo tanks and improve the economy and flexibility of LNG carriers. Based on FMEA handbook and CCS standard,taking the key equipment,compander,as an example,this paper introduces the FMEA analysis method of LNG reliquefaction system,combs out the failure modes and optimization measures of the system,which has guiding significance for equipment development and testing. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative Study on Dynamic Calculation of HYSY 161 Platform with Reference to Fixed Platform XIA Wang, JIANG Chunqi, ZHANG Junjie, XIA Kaixuan 2023, 50 (3):  38-42.  Abstract ( 384 )   Save In view of the particularity of HYSY 161 platform’s long-term standing and immobility,this paper,referring to the requirements of the Code for Classification and Construction of Fixed Offshore Platforms and the Code for Construction and Inspection of Fixed Offshore Platforms,calculates and analyzes the frequencies corresponding to each mode based on the finite element method,and further demonstrates that the platform is safe and stable during the use of normal production operations through harmonic response analysis in different directions. Through calculation,combined with the platform layout plan,the short side of the platform is avoided to be parallel to the main wave direction of the wave,further ensuring the safety of the platform. Through spectrum analysis,it is found that under the action of random waves,the resonance phenomenon with small overall amplitude will occur in the structure at the above wave frequencies and the frequencies corresponding to the first three modes,but the structure will not be damaged after calculation. Relevant research can provide safety basis for long-term operation of HYSY 161 platform. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fault Diagnosis and Prediction of LNG Ship Equipment Based on Digital Twin Technology SI Yuanyuan, ZHOU Yi, SUN Bing, LI Meng, MENG Xuehao 2023, 50 (3):  43-46.  Abstract ( 414 )   Save Under the background of artificial intelligence,big data,and the Internet of Things,the application research of digitalization in ship management has become the focus and development trend of the LNG ship industry. Through the research of ship digital operation technology and the establishment of intelligent management platform,the ship operation management mode is optimized to provide digital operation services throughout the life cycle. Taking the HYSY 301 as the target ship,the fault diagnosis and prediction of LNG ship equipment are carried out through the development of digital three-dimensional model,dynamic evolution simulation technology of complex navigation scenarios,visual operation management and other technologies. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimization and Transformation of Flare Gas Discharge Process of an Oil Production Platform in Bohai Sea YANG Yi 2023, 50 (3):  47-50.  Abstract ( 403 )   Save Associated gas is produced in the production of offshore oil platforms. In order to ensure the safety of vent system,flare system is an indispensable safety facility for oil production platform. With the national demand for clean energy,the demand for oil field production planning and the national requirement for “green and low-carbon” development,aiming at the problem of large amount of natural gas venting on the oil production platform in an oil field in Bohai Sea,the amount of flare gas was effectively reduced,and the methane emission was controlled through the diagnosis and analysis of the flare gas system and the implementation of process optimization and transformation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Process Simulation and Analysis of BOG Re-liquefaction System for LNG Carrier ZHANG HaiTao, LIANG Bin, ZHU YongKai, ZHOU Yi, LI Meng 2023, 50 (3):  51-55.  Abstract ( 497 )   Save BOG re-liquefaction system for LNG carriers is the most common way to deal with boil-off gas (BOG) in LNG-fueled ships. A re-liquefaction system based on the reverse Brayton cycle is the first choice for the re-liquefaction process owing to its compactness,simplicity,and safety. The BOG re-liquefaction process is modeled by process simulation software,and the effect of refrigerant flow and outlet pressure of compressor on the power consumption of the re-liquefaction system is studied,and the minimum flow of refrigerant under different outlet pressures is determined. In addition,the effect of seawater temperature on the re-liquefaction system is analyzed,and the results show that the system power consumption increases by 9 kW for every 1°C increase in seawater temperature. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Finite Element Stress Analysis of Base of Integrated Cabin Based on SolidWorks ZHANG Hehe, ZHANG Baolei, SUN Bing 2023, 50 (3):  56-59.  Abstract ( 415 )   Save Addressing the application requirements of integrated working cabin in FPSO underwater detection,the three- dimensional model of the integrated working cabin is established through SolidWorks software. The structure of the integrated working cabin is designed and analyzed according to the equipment distribution,and the stress-strain of the complex stress position of the integrated working cabin base is analyzed through SolidWorks Simulation to optimize the base design. The calculation results show that the impact of the crane load on the base is mainly reflected in the contact surface between the bottom plate and the bottom beam. The stress,displacement and strain analysis effectively proves the stress difference of different structures. The optimal design of the structure can evenly distribute the load of the crane on the base and reduce the local ultimate force. The optimized design scheme proposed in this study has practical guiding significance for the application of the integrated working cabin in the marine complex environment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechanical Condition Analysis of Emergency Release Device for LNG Hose Conveying System ZHOU Yi, SHI Guangzhi, MENG Xuehao, LI Meng, LUO Wenzhong 2023, 50 (3):  60-66.  Abstract ( 387 )   Save The emergency release device is an important safety component of the LNG hose conveying system. The emergency release device bears the pressure of the internal LNG fluid,the tension of the external hose and other components,as well as the wind load,ice load and other natural loads under the connected conveying state. It is a relatively complicated device in the conveying system to bear the loads. Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the mechanical conditions of the emergency release device in detail to ensure the safety of the LNG transmission process. Combined with the actual working conditions,two of the most dangerous working conditions are analyzed and determined in the ten working conditions in order to provide the research basis for the subsequent finite element analysis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Quantitative Characterization of Stress Sensitivity of Irreducible Water Saturation Based on Fractal Theory BAI Ruiting, FAN Xu, YIN Yanjun 2023, 50 (3):  67-71.  Abstract ( 421 )   Save Based on fractal theory and reservoir physics,and assuming that the amount of irreducible water adsorbed on the unit pore surface remains unchanged before and after rock deformation,the theoretical relationship on the change of irreducible water saturation with the drop of formation pressure was deduced and established,and the influences of stress sensitivity and microscopic pore structure heterogeneity on the irreducible water saturation were quantitatively analyzed. As the formation pressure decreases,the irreducible water saturation increases and the irreducible water volume decreases. The increase in irreducible water saturation will lead to the reduction in effective flow space for oil phase,which will narrow down the flow channels for oil and water in the pores,reduce the effective permeability of the oil phase,generate the threshold pressure gradient,and finally impact the fluid flow laws and capacity calculations. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Modification of Fracturing Proppant ZHANG Shugui, YANG Sen, YAN Ming 2023, 50 (3):  72-76.  Abstract ( 423 )   Save In view of the current characteristics of unconventional oil and gas resources,such as high difficulty in development,low recovery rate and poor effect of conventional hydraulic fracturing,through a lot of experiments and production practices,silicone oil modifiers and alkane modifiers are screened as surface modifiers of proppants,and the surface of proppants is modified by advanced technologies such as surface coating and surface curing of proppants to achieve the hydrophobic effect. Hydrophobic proppant has many advantages in fracturing process,such as water control and oil stabilization,long effective action time,high flowback rate and strong oil conductivity. It has been widely used in foreign countries,but the domestic research on the hydrophobic proppant technology is relatively late,and the practical application is few. The modified proppant prepared by the screened compound modifier was evaluated by the laboratory evaluation method. The results show that the modified proppant can meet the requirements of density,crushing resistance,turbidity and acid solubility in the proppant performance evaluation standards,and the modified proppant has good heat resistance,permeability,silt adsorption and conductivity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of Factors Affecting Typhoon Resistance of Mooring System for Semi-sub Unit ZHENG Guanghong 2023, 50 (3):  77-82.  Abstract ( 368 )   Save The mooring system of semi-sub mobile units can usually withstand the ocean environmental loads with return period of 5 or 10 years. How to optimize the mooring system in typhoon condition is a very important issue for platform operators. Taking an active semi-sub drilling unit as an example,combined with the typical environmental parameters of several areas in the South China Sea,the mooring system capability is analyzed and compared under different water depths,mooring arrangements and pre-tension settings. The factors affecting the ability of mooring against typhoon are summarized,which provide ideas for scientific typhoon protection for semi-sub unit. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design Optimization Research and Domestic Application of FRP Ballast Pipeline of FPSO LIANG Xinghua 2023, 50 (3):  83-85.  Abstract ( 372 )   Save Ballast pipeline is one of the most important systems of ship hull. If each ballast cell unit is not well controlled or the ballast cell unit cannot be pressed and unloaded,the marine mobile facilities will be in serious safety hazard. In order to improve the design of FRP ballast pipeline of FPSO,by changing the design space layout and adding related equipment,the autonomous ballast function of the fore ballast tank except the left and right ballast tanks on the hull is realized and the research and analysis is carried out to facilitate the inspection,maintenance and repair of the pipeline. Based on the example,the feasibility study on the application of domestic FRP pipe in marine ballast piping system is put forward. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Applied Technology

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Joint Commissioning and Operation Effect of Production Water Treatment System in an Oilfield in South China Sea CHEN Yang 2023, 50 (3):  86-88.  Abstract ( 369 )   Save Since the trial production of an oilfield in the South China Sea was put into operation,with the development of new oil wells,the fluid production of the oilfield has gradually increased,resulting in the bottleneck problem of the offshore pipeline export volume of the oilfield,and the pressure of the downstream central platform to treat the production water has gradually increased,so it is necessary to put production water treatment system into operation in time. Combined with the design treatment capacity and operation parameters of the equipment at all levels of the production water treatment system,single commissioning and joint commissioning are carried out until the production water treatment system operates stably for 72 consecutive hours,which provides a reliable guarantee for safe operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of Dual-fuel Reciprocating Generator Sets on Offshore Platforms CHEN Zhuoming 2023, 50 (3):  89-92.  Abstract ( 425 )   Save Dual-fuel reciprocating generator sets have the characteristics of strong fuel adaptability and convenient operation and maintenance. During operation,the platform’s self-produced associated gas can be fully utilized to minimize fuel oil consumption,save operating costs,and improve the overall development income of the oilfield. This paper introduces the application of dual-fuel reciprocating generator sets on offshore platforms,and provides reference for the subsequent promotion and application of such generator sets on offshore platforms. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Retrofitting Scheme of Adding LNG Bunkering Function for HYSY 301 Ship WEI Xiaoqiang, HUANG Guoliang, SUN Kecheng, ZHANG Rong 2023, 50 (3):  93-97.  Abstract ( 395 )   Save Aiming at the domestic demand for LNG bunkering ships at sea. On the basis of the function of the original LNG carrier,HYSY 301 ship can be used as the LNG bunkering ship by adding the necessary equipment and reconstructing the original ship system. The successful implementation of this scheme provides a reference for the functional conversion of medium and small sized LNG carriers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Causes and Improvement Measures of Electrical Failure of Electric Submersible Pump Oil Production System WU Jinliang 2023, 50 (3):  98-100.  Abstract ( 362 )   Save The electric submersible pump for oil production has obvious advantages such as high power,strong adaptability,long unit service life and high economic benefits,but it is undeniable that it is greatly affected by the power grid,electrical failure is difficult to deal with,and work efficiency is not high. Therefore,how to improve its work efficiency and reduce the occurrence rate of electrical failure is a very critical issue. Based on experience,the electrical failure of electric submersible pump oil production system is systematically analyzed,and the optimization scheme is given. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Technical Scheme of HYSY 111 FPSO Towing Operation YANG Xueli 2023, 50 (3):  101-104.  Abstract ( 429 )   Save In order to realize the standardized management of offshore high-risk operations of FPSO professional technology companies,taking HYSY 111 FPSO offshore towing as an example,referring to domestic and foreign industry norms and recommended practices,the technical solutions and related management procedures of FPSO towing as well as preventive measures for potential risk points are introduced,so as to minimize or eliminate the risk of FPSO offshore towing work,and provide guidance and reference for future practical work. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Process Simulation and Optimization of Marine Cryogenic Device ZHANG Bo, ZHOU Yi, XIA Huabo, ZHENG Kun, WU Hao 2023, 50 (3):  105-108.  Abstract ( 431 )   Save LNG marine BOG liquefaction unit has been monopolized by foreign countries for a long time. Through the study on cryogenic reliquefaction system,the cryogenic process scheme is established,and the research and analysis of engineering machinery,fluid mechanics,heat transfer and other related theories are applied to establish the system component model and the overall analysis model,complete the system static parameter simulation,and then obtain the working point parameters of each component through the refrigerant combination optimization and the process parameter optimization,and finally form a 0.5 t/h cryogenic device process package. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Treatment of Performance Decline of Molecular Sieve in Natural Gas Treatment Plant ZHAO Youlong 2023, 50 (3):  109-112.  Abstract ( 357 )   Save With the further improvement of the national requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection,natural gas is widely used as an environment-friendly energy. Natural gas treatment is an important link in the natural gasproduction process. Its product quality directly affects the use of downstream equipment or users. In the natural gas treatment process,molecular sieve dehydration equipment is an important production equipment in the process system. The effect of molecular sieve dehydration will directly affect the product quality of natural gas. The reasons for the performance decline of molecular sieve dryer are comprehensively analyzed and treatment measures are proposed,so as to provide reference for other molecular sieve users. References | Related Articles | Metrics