Abstract: This paper elaborates on the definition,components,and working principles of ground source heat pumps （GSHPs）. It explains critical planning-phase technical elements including geological condition surveys,ground heat exchanger design,and heating/cooling load calculations. Through comparative analysis with traditional air-conditioning systems,the application effects and promotion prospects of GSHP technology are evaluated in terms of economic efficiency and environmental benefits.

Key words: ground source heat pump, underground thermal energy, low-carbon, energy efficiency